I. INTRODUCTION
- § 1. Logic and language
- § 2. Language
- § 3. Different levels of language
- § 4. Instrumental usage of language
- § 5. Definitions
II. THE CALCULUS OF PROPOSITIONS
- § 6. Propositional operations
- § 7. Truth tables
- § 8. Survey of possible operations. Tautologies
- § 9. Interpretation of tautological operations as connective operations
- § 10. Reduction of operations to other operations
- § 11. Derivations
- § 12. The rule of substitution
- § 13. The rule of replacement
- § 14. The rule of inference
- § 15. Secondary rules of inference
- § 16. Remarks on the method of derivation
III. THE SIMPLE CALCULUS OF FUNCTIONS
- § 17. Propositional functions
- § 18. Binding of variables
- § 19. Negation of operators
- § 20. The scope of an operator and the order of operators
- § 21. Synthetic assertions containing free argument variables
- § 22. Some concepts referring to functions
- § 23. Truth characters of one-place functions
- § 24. Definition of tautologies containing functions
- § 25. The use of case analysis for the construction of tautologies in propositional functions
- § 26. The rules of substitution and inference in the calculus of functions
- § 27. The rule for free variables
- § 28. Derivation of tautologies
- § 29. Secondary rules
- § 30. Derivations from synthetic premises
- § 31. The formal and the material conception of language
- § 32. The proof of consistency
- § 33. Two objections against the proof of consistency
- § 34. Logical evidence
V. THE CALCULUS OF CLASSES
- § 35. Classes
- § 36. The syllogism
- § 37. The principle of abstraction
- § 38. Classes of couples, triplets, and so on
VI. THE HIGHER CALCULUS OF FUNCTIONS
- § 39. Functions of higher types
- § 40. The antinomies and the theory of types
- § 41. The technique of the higher calculus
- § 42. The treatment of indefinite expressions
- § 43. The relation of identity
- § 44. The definition of number
VII. ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATIONAL LANGUAGE
- § 45. The deficiencies of traditional grammar
- § 46. Proper names
- § 47. Descriptions
- § 48. The problem of individuals
- § 49. Fictitious existence
- § 50. Token-reflexive words
- § 51. The tenses of verbs
- § 52. Classification of functions
- § 53. Functions of higher types
- § 54. Descriptional functions
- § 55. Logical terms in a syntactical capacity
- § 56. Logical terms in a semantical capacity
- § 57. Logical terms in a pragmatic capacity
- § 58. Extraneous terms
- § 59. Classification of the parts of speech
VIII. CONNECTIVE OPERATIONS AND MODALITIES
- § 60. Practical reasons for the introduction of connective operations
- § 61. Formal characterization of connective operations
- § 62. The logical nature of connective operations
- § 63. Relative nomological statements
- § 64. The semi-adjunctive implication
- § 65. Modalities
- § 66. Modal interpretation of connective operations
- Exercises
- Solutions
- Index
